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July 2010
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Commentary on the economy, the markets, and business

Obama, Jobs and that Durable Goods Report

While watching President Obama talk about the jobs on The View—he should do more of that stuff, he's good at it my other eye was taking in all the commentary on Wednesday's durable goods report. The latest news on durable goods orders is not encouraging, not just because it shows a monthly decline for June when we were hoping for a slight increase but because it suggests we could be facing new headwinds on the employment front. Here's the short form of the durable goods news:

New orders for manufactured durable goods in June decreased $2.0 billion or 1.0 percent to $190.5 billion, the U.S. Census Bureau announced today. This was the second consecutive monthly decrease and followed a 0.8 percent May decrease. Excluding transportation, new orders decreased 0.6 percent. Excluding defense, new orders decreased 0.7 percent. Transportation equipment, down four of the last five months, had the largest decrease, $1.1 billion or 2.4 percent to $45.9 billion. This was due to non-defense aircraft and parts, which decreased $1.8 billion.

The negative report, which also told us that durable goods inventories are up,  has import beyond the immediate news. As David Rosenberg at Gluskin Scheff points out, there is a tight correlation between durable goods orders and subsequent changes in employment. As the chart below shows,  the jobs payoff--or cost--from a change in durable goods orders comes roughly four months later, and it's a respectable (as in 82%) correlation. The recent downward turn in orders may quickly reverse, but if it doesn't we could see the dark line (nonfarm payolls) take a turn for the worse.

Of course, not all economists see this as troubling, and many think the durable goods report was fairly positive given that 'core' orders (i.e., non defense capital goods, exculuding aircraft) were up slightly. But the chart shows the correlation with the total number, not the core number. By the way, if you want to enlarge this chart, just click on it.

          

In China, Pabst Blue Ribbon is Pure Gold

Another post from Ruchika Tulshyan:

Recession got you down? There's a new way to reach a 1.3 billion-strong market. Rebrand your run-of-the-mill American product, launch a “luxury” ad campaign and sell it in China for 20 times what you sell it for in the U.S.

Don't trust me? Pabst Blue Ribbon did it. The PBR beer that has hipsters paying $2 for a can was re-marketed and retails for a $44 bottle called “Blue Ribbon 1844” in China. Pabst Brewing Company insists the beer is a special brew only for China, different in taste from what they sell here. Even if that's the case, it's like Walmart trying to sell luxury bags at Louis Vuitton prices.

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How Much Will The Economy Slow?

Amidst all the great earnings reports coming from U.S. companies this week there is disquieting talk of a real slowdown ahead in the economy. I was reminded of it Tuesday morning when PIMCO's Mohamed El-Erian stated on Bloomberg TV that the indicators his firm watches most closely (and presumably trusts the most) show that "the economy continues to lose momentum." Also, mutual fund giant Vanguard released its economic forecast Tuesday in which it noted that "Near-term risks remain tilted toward the downside owing to important headwinds involving real estate, consumer balance-sheet repair, and, most recently, the sharp transition toward fiscal austerity in Europe." Vanguard's analysts put the probability of a double-dip recession at 20%. That may sound optimistic but it's unusual, they note, to even be considering recession's possible return  so early in an economic recovery. Also, there's a lot of room for slowdown before you trip the double-dip switch.

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Is the euro crisis over?

It is remarkable how sentiment has turned around on Europe from where we were less than three months ago. Back then, the euro was tanking, fears were escalating that the continent would suffer a series of sovereign debt defaults, and financial contagion raged out of control. My how things have changed. The governments of Spain and Portugal, the two countries (after Greece) that gave investors the most heartburn, have been successful at selling bonds on international markets, easing concerns about their solvency. The spreads between the yields on Spanish and Portuguese bonds and their benchmark German counterparts have narrowed, meaning investors see them as less risky than before. The euro has rebounded against the dollar. Growth is holding up better than many expected.

So is it crisis over? Clearly Europe has come back from the brink of something potentially very ugly. But I wouldn't make the mistake of unfurling the “Mission Accomplished” banner just yet. That's because the European debt crisis was just an outgrowth of deep, underlying problems within the Eurozone – problems that have yet to be addressed.

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Can Stock Market's Summer Rally Persist?

The stock market is defying doomsayers and showing a good bit of resiliency over the past week. True, it's on low volume but the market is climbing nonetheless, rising 3.5% last week and then up about 1% on Monday. The Wall Street Journal even trumpeted the fact that the Dow is now in the black for the year--not sure whether this news warrants a cheery celebration or big roll of the eyes. Anyway, what's filling the market's sails is second quarter earnings. Sure, the 24% jump in new homes sales for June—not that big a surprise given that May was a horrible month—also helped, but it's those rapid fire earnings reports, mostly beating analysts' expectations, that are really powering the market.

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Has the Wall Street Pay Czar Paid Off?

Time to say Goodbye to the Pay Czar

Nearly a year and a half ago, Kenneth Feinberg was appointed to overseeing the pay of Wall Street executives and top officials of other companies that had to be bailed out in the financial crisis. Today is most likely his final day on the job of any consequence.

This morning Feinberg released the results of a review of what the 419 banks that received government assistance paid their top executives in the year leading up to the financial cirisis and during. Perhaps surprisingly, Feinberg found that most banks paid their executives appropriately, rewarding them when reward was due. Only seventeen of the companies doled out wildly excessive compensation to top executives for little or no reason at all. Unsurprisingly, included in that list are the mainstays of Wall Street: Citigroup, Goldman Sachs, JP Morgan, Morgan Stanley, Bank of America (i.e. Merrill Lynch). All told, the 17 firms handed out $1.6 billion in what Feinberg calls "ill-advised" payouts.

Feinberg is now moving onto the Gulf, where he's got another tough job ahead of him. He has been appointed in charge of handing out compensation from the BP fund set up for people and companies impacted by the oil spill. But on his last day on the job policing Wall Street pay, it's time to ask how well he did. Huge pay checks that seemed to have no relation to long-term performance or risks was one of the main factors leading up to the financial crisis. So did Feinberg do a good job of changing the-pay-for-no-performance culture on Wall Street? I'm not so sure. Here's why:

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Does Asia have the answer?

Ruchika Tulshyan, who is interning at Time this summer, said some interesting things in this morning's meeting. We asked her to write a blog post. Here it is.

As the austerity debate rages on and squabbles erupt over every single point—should interest rates be raised? is stimulus spending good or bad?—there are lessons to be learned from Asia. Singapore reported 18.1 percent growth in the first half of 2010, and China's growth is estimated to come in at as much as 10 percent this year. What gives?

Interestingly, many of the macroeconomic principles that have benefitted the wealthy Asian nations—specifically, Singapore, Hong Kong and China—come from Western economists. As we debate the validity of our ideologies here in the U.S., countries in Asia are reporting record growth numbers using these very ideas.

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Is housing headed for a double dip?

We all knew housing would sputter after the expiration of the federal home buyers' tax credit. Of course, we also all hoped that the economy would be on steadier footing by then, and would itself provide some stability to the housing market. Well, unemployment is coming down—it's now at 9.5%, compared to 10% in December—but that's still pretty elevated, especially once you take into account people who are working fewer hours than they'd like to. So now the question is: Are we headed for a double dip in housing as a result?

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Does job retraining work?

Yesterday the NYT had an assiduously reported piece about job retraining programs which left a pretty bleak impression about how useful they are:

Hundreds of thousands of Americans have enrolled in federally financed training programs in recent years, only to remain out of work. That has intensified skepticism about training as a cure for unemployment.

It seems there are two big problems. First, many job retraining programs try to boost workers' skills in a generic way—learn Excel, write a better resumé—without actually talking to local employers to find out what they need. Second, when companies aren't hiring because of slack demand, even the best-trained workers can't land jobs because there are no jobs.

The conclusion, then, is that job retraining is a wash. I would argue for a different conclusion: that we're expecting the wrong thing out of such programs.

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A couple of weeks ago, I blogged about soda taxes, the subject of a story I had in the magazine. At the time, Time.com readers couldn't see the story, thanks to our new (pay) wall. Well, as it turns out, we're only hiding our magazine stories for two weeks, and then they're going up on the web site in full form. So now, after much anticipation, you can read what I wrote here.

Since I reported that story, another notable study of soda taxes has come out, from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Economic Research Service. The conclusion: hiking the price of sugar-sweetened soda, juice and sports drinks by 20% could cut the percentage of adult Americans who are overweight from 66.9% to 62.4%. More specifically:

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